Cybersecurity Articles and Insights

Experience and practical guidance on cyber security in plain language, for both technical teams and executives.

SBOM and Software Supply Chain Security

An SBOM lists what is inside software. The 2026 CISA minimum elements, CycloneDX and SPDX formats, the SLSA framework, and the first steps to take.

SBOMSupply ChainSLSADevSecOps

DevSecOps: How to Use SAST, DAST and SCA

DevSecOps puts security checks into the development pipeline. How SAST, DAST and SCA differ, where they fit, the SSDF and SAMM frameworks, and first steps.

DevSecOpsSASTDASTSCA

OWASP Top 10 for Web Apps: A Summary for Leaders and Devs

All ten OWASP Top 10:2025 categories from the official page, what changed from 2021, what leaders should ask development teams, and first steps.

OWASP Top 10Web SecurityAppSecSecure Development

API Security and the OWASP API Top 10 Explained

The ten risks in the OWASP API Security Top 10 (2023) in plain language, with defenses such as server-side authorization, API inventory and limits.

API SecurityOWASP API Top 10AppSecAuthorization

Cloud Logging and Detection: What to Log

Cloud log defaults are short and incomplete. Which logs to collect first, what AWS, Azure and Google Cloud record by default, and how to set up detection.

Cloud LoggingDetectionSIEMMITRE ATT&CK

SaaS Security and SSPM: Looking After SaaS Apps

The provider runs the SaaS, but settings and access are your job. Risks, what SSPM does, CISA and CSA baselines, and a routine for keeping apps safe.

SaaSSSPMCloud SecurityConfiguration

Container and Kubernetes Security Basics

NIST SP 800-190's five container risk areas and six basic Kubernetes steps, from trusted images to RBAC, Pod Security, NetworkPolicy and Secrets.

KubernetesContainer SecurityCloud SecurityHardening

CNAPP Explained: How It Differs from CSPM and CWPP

A CNAPP combines cloud configuration checks, workload protection and permission checks in one platform. What each part does and when to use it.

Cloud SecurityCNAPPCSPMCWPP

What Is CSPM? Finding Cloud Misconfigurations

CSPM continuously checks cloud settings for unsafe misconfigurations. What it does, the CIS and CCM benchmarks, its limits, and first steps to take today.

CSPMCloud SecurityMisconfigurationCIS Benchmarks

Cloud Shared Responsibility Model: Who Secures What

Provider and customer secure different parts, and the line shifts across IaaS, PaaS and SaaS. Who does what, and what to do about your share.

Cloud SecurityShared ResponsibilityIaaS PaaS SaaSGovernance

Encryption Key Management: KMS, HSM and BYOK

How encryption keys are managed across their lifecycle, how KMS and HSM work together, how BYOK differs from HYOK, and what to check before choosing.

EncryptionKey ManagementKMSHSM

What Is DLP? Data Loss Prevention and Shadow AI Risk

What DLP is, how it recognizes sensitive data, related NIST SP 800-53 controls, how to roll it out safely, and where it helps or falls short on Shadow AI.

DLPData ProtectionShadow AINIST SP 800-53

Data Classification: A Practical How-to Guide

How to classify data: levels set by impact (FIPS 199, SP 800-60), six steps, labeling, automation, how it ties to ISO 27001 and PDPA, and common mistakes.

Data ClassificationData ProtectionNISTPDPA

Ransomware Recovery Plan: RTO, RPO and Rehearsals

RTO and RPO explained with a worked example, what a ransomware recovery plan should contain, its link to incident response, and how to rehearse it.

RansomwareRecoveryRTO/RPOIncident Response

The 3-2-1-1-0 Backup Strategy and Immutable Backups

What 3-2-1-1-0 and immutable backups mean, what NIST and CISA recommend versus industry convention, how to build them, their limits, and restore tests.

BackupRansomwareImmutable StorageData Protection

AI Red Teaming: How to Test AI System Security

AI red teaming simulates attackers to find weaknesses in AI systems. Covers the four areas to test, the steps, tools, and how to read results with care.

AI Red TeamingAI SecurityOWASPMITRE ATLAS

Security Awareness and Phishing Simulation That Works

Training is one layer of phishing defense. Measure reports as well as clicks, never punish people who click, and use NIST, NCSC, and CISA guidance.

Security AwarenessPhishingTrainingNIST SP 800-50

DMARC, SPF and DKIM: How to Set Them Up Correctly

How SPF, DKIM and DMARC work and how to set them up: record examples, a safe rollout order (monitor, then enforce) and Google and Yahoo sender rules.

DMARCSPFDKIMEmail Security

Email Security: Layered Defense Against Phishing and BEC

Phishing and BEC can slip past filters. Five layers of defense: sender checks, filtering, account protection, payment checks, reporting, and first steps.

Email SecurityPhishingBECSocial Engineering

Patch Management Best Practice: Fast, Without Outages

How to plan patching using NIST SP 800-40 Rev. 4 and CISA: maintenance groups, canary rollouts, prioritization, and OT systems that cannot be patched.

Patch ManagementVulnerability ManagementNIST SP 800-40OT Security

CVSS vs EPSS vs KEV: Prioritizing Vulnerability Fixes

CVSS measures severity, EPSS estimates the chance of attack in 30 days, KEV lists confirmed exploitation. How they differ and how to use them together.

CVSSEPSSCISA KEVVulnerability Management

A Vulnerability Management Program That Works

A vulnerability management program in six steps: inventory, scanning, ranking, responding, verifying and measuring, following NIST, CIS and CISA guidance.

Vulnerability ManagementPatch ManagementRisk PrioritizationGovernance

Endpoint Hardening with CIS Benchmarks: Where to Start

Harden laptops and servers with CIS Benchmarks: choose a baseline and profile, test first, roll out in stages, and check that the settings stay in place.

HardeningCIS BenchmarksEndpoint SecurityConfiguration

EDR vs XDR vs MDR: Differences and How to Choose

EDR vs XDR vs MDR: a device tool, a wider platform, and a managed service. How they differ, when each fits, what to ask providers, and MITRE results.

EDRXDRMDREndpoint Security

Agentic AI Security: Controlling AI That Acts on Its Own

Agentic AI acts on its own, so control its autonomy, permissions, human approval, trust between agents, memory, and logs, using OWASP and NIST guidance.

Agentic AIAI SecurityOWASPNIST AI RMF

Deepfake Social Engineering: How Organizations Respond

Deepfake makes fake executive voice and video cheap and fast. What works is out-of-band verification and dual approval, not trying to spot fakes by eye.

DeepfakeSocial EngineeringAIFraud

What Is Cybersecurity? Threats and the NIST Framework

What cybersecurity means, what it protects, the threats you meet most often, and the six functions of NIST CSF 2.0 that organizations use, in plain words.

CybersecurityNIST CSFFundamentalsCIA Triad

AI Coding Assistant Security and Vibe Coding Risks

AI coding assistants and vibe coding bring flawed code, invented packages, and over-powered agents. What OWASP, NCSC, and NIST say, and what to do.

AI SecurityVibe CodingOWASP LLM Top 10Secure Development

NDR Explained: Network Detection and Response

NDR analyzes copies of network traffic to spot lateral movement and command-and-control, even on devices without agents. How it works and its limits.

NDRNetwork SecurityMITRE ATT&CKSOC

Network Segmentation and Micro-segmentation: Start Safely

Segment your network in phases: pick one application, map its dependencies, observe in permissive mode, then enforce with a rollback plan.

Network SegmentationMicro-segmentationZero TrustNetwork Security

NGFW vs UTM vs WAF: What Each One Protects

NGFW and UTM control network traffic by application and user; a WAF protects web apps from HTTP-level attacks. They complement, not replace, each other.

NGFWUTMWAFNetwork Security

SASE and SSE Explained: When Each One Fits

SASE combines networking and security as a cloud service; SSE is its security half. See the parts, the differences, the limits, and a staged way to adopt.

SASESSEZero TrustCloud Security

ZTNA vs VPN: Which Should You Choose?

ZTNA connects people to individual apps after checking identity and device; a VPN joins them to a network. Compare limits, hardening, and a phased move.

ZTNAVPNZero TrustRemote Access

ITDR: Detecting and Responding to Identity Attacks

ITDR detects and responds to attacks that abuse accounts, tokens, and Active Directory. Learn the signals to watch, how to respond, and where to start.

ITDRIdentity SecurityMITRE ATT&CKActive Directory

IAM vs IGA vs PAM vs CIEM: What Each One Controls

IAM controls sign-in and access, IGA governs and reviews entitlements, PAM secures admin access, CIEM trims excess cloud permissions. How to choose first.

IAMIGAPAMCIEM

Easy Cybersecurity Tips for Everyone

Five everyday habits that block phishing and account takeover, based on CISA and NCSC guidance, plus what to do first if you are tricked into a transfer.

Cybersecurity AwarenessPhishingPasswordsPersonal Security

PHP2Shell: Two Critical PHP Flaws and How to Fix Them

PHP2Shell is a pair of critical PHP flaws that let attackers run code on web servers: affected versions, the fix, temporary mitigations, and checks for compromise.

PHPVulnerability ManagementRCEPatch Management

Non-human Identities: The Overlooked Service Account Risk

Service accounts, API keys, and tokens are easy to create and easy to forget. Learn OWASP's NHI Top 10 and how short-lived credentials reduce the risk.

NHIService AccountOWASP NHI Top 10Identity

PAM Explained: Controlling Privileged Access

Privileged access management (PAM) controls who can use admin-level accounts, when and why, and records it, so one stolen admin credential does less harm.

PAMIdentityLeast PrivilegeNIST SP 800-53

Rolling Out Passkeys in the Enterprise, Step by Step

Roll out passkeys in phases: start with admins and key systems, design enrollment and recovery no weaker than the passkey, then retire phishable fallbacks.

PasskeysFIDO2IdentityRollout

Passkeys and FIDO2 Explained: Beyond Passwords

Passkeys replace passwords with FIDO2 key pairs bound to the real site, so phishing fails. Learn how they work, synced vs device-bound, and the NIST fit.

PasskeysFIDO2IdentityNIST SP 800-63B

Certificate Lifecycle Management in the 47-Day Era

Public TLS certificate lifetimes fall to 47 days by 2029. The schedule, the extra workload, the lifecycle, automation, and first steps to take.

Certificate ManagementPKITLSAutomation

SOC Architecture Blueprint for Government Agencies

Special report: a SOC blueprint for Thai government agencies, with a six-layer architecture, operating models, staffing, a roadmap and TOR checklist.

SpecialSOCGovernmentCybersecurity Act

Zero Trust Architecture: Components and Roadmap

Zero Trust Architecture explained: NIST SP 800-207 components, CISA's five pillars, deployment approaches, limits, and a practical roadmap.

Zero TrustArchitectureNIST SP 800-207CISA ZTMM

Network and Cyber Security Simulators: Types and Uses

Network and cyber security simulators let you train, test, and validate defenses safely. Five types, their limits, and safety rules for running them.

Cyber RangeBASSimulationSecurity Testing

AI Security and AI Governance: Protect Every AI Component

AI security protects data, models, prompts, agents, and infrastructure; AI governance sets the rules. Seven layers to protect and first steps to take.

AI SecurityAI GovernanceOWASP LLM Top 10NIST AI RMFISO/IEC 42001

Using AI in the SOC to Reduce MTTD and MTTR

Where AI helps a SOC detect and respond faster to reduce MTTD and MTTR, plus the cautions and a safe way to start.

SOCAI SecurityMTTD/MTTR

What Is Zero Trust, and Where Should You Start?

Zero Trust means never trust, always verify. Learn the core principles and how to start without rebuilding your existing systems.

Zero TrustArchitecture

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